TY - JOUR
T1 - A Comparison of the Impact of Restrictive Diets on the Gastrointestinal Tract of Mice
AU - Gregor, András
AU - Huber, Laura
AU - Auernigg-Haselmaier, Sandra
AU - Sternberg, Felix
AU - Billerhart, Magdalena
AU - Dunkel, Andreas
AU - Somoza, Veronika
AU - Ogris, Manfred
AU - Kofler, Barbara
AU - Longo, Valter D.
AU - König, Jürgen
AU - Duszka, Kalina
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2022 by the authors.
PY - 2022/8
Y1 - 2022/8
N2 - The rate of gut inflammatory diseases is growing in modern society. Previously, we showed that caloric restriction (CR) shapes gut microbiota composition and diminishes the expression of inflammatory factors along the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. The current project aimed to assess whether prominent dietary restrictive approaches, including intermittent fasting (IF), fasting-mimicking diet (FMD), and ketogenic diet (KD) have a similar effect as CR. We sought to verify which of the restrictive dietary approaches is the most potent and if the molecular pathways responsible for the impact of the diets overlap. We characterized the impact of the diets in the context of several dietary restriction-related parameters, including immune status in the GI tract; microbiota and its metabolites; bile acids (BAs); gut morphology; as well as autophagy-, mitochondria-, and energy restriction-related parameters. The effects of the various diets are very similar, particularly between CR, IF, and FMD. The occurrence of a 50 kDa truncated form of occludin, the composition of the microbiota, and BAs distinguished KD from the other diets. Based on the results, we were able to provide a comprehensive picture of the impact of restrictive diets on the gut, indicating that restrictive protocols aimed at improving gut health may be interchangeable.
AB - The rate of gut inflammatory diseases is growing in modern society. Previously, we showed that caloric restriction (CR) shapes gut microbiota composition and diminishes the expression of inflammatory factors along the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. The current project aimed to assess whether prominent dietary restrictive approaches, including intermittent fasting (IF), fasting-mimicking diet (FMD), and ketogenic diet (KD) have a similar effect as CR. We sought to verify which of the restrictive dietary approaches is the most potent and if the molecular pathways responsible for the impact of the diets overlap. We characterized the impact of the diets in the context of several dietary restriction-related parameters, including immune status in the GI tract; microbiota and its metabolites; bile acids (BAs); gut morphology; as well as autophagy-, mitochondria-, and energy restriction-related parameters. The effects of the various diets are very similar, particularly between CR, IF, and FMD. The occurrence of a 50 kDa truncated form of occludin, the composition of the microbiota, and BAs distinguished KD from the other diets. Based on the results, we were able to provide a comprehensive picture of the impact of restrictive diets on the gut, indicating that restrictive protocols aimed at improving gut health may be interchangeable.
KW - caloric restriction
KW - fasting
KW - gastrointestinal tract
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85136341268&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.3390/nu14153120
DO - 10.3390/nu14153120
M3 - Article
C2 - 35956298
AN - SCOPUS:85136341268
SN - 2072-6643
VL - 14
JO - Nutrients
JF - Nutrients
IS - 15
M1 - 3120
ER -