SopD from Salmonella specifically inactivates Rab8

Salmonella outer protein D (SopD) is secreted into a host during the first stages of the Salmonella infection and contributes to the systemic virulence of the bacterium. SopD2 is a SopD homolog and possesses GTPase activating protein (GAP) activity towards Rab32. Here, we identified Rab-proteins as putative SopD-targets using a yeast two-hybrid approach. In vitro investigations subsequently revealed Rab8a as an exclusive SopD substrate in contrast to SopD2, which has a broader specificity targeting Rab29, Rab32 and Rab38 in vitro. Additionally, we determined the catalytic efficiencies of SopD and SopD2 towards their physiologically relevant substrates. Moreover, mutagenesis studies provided insights into possible key residues of the Rab-protein and the GAP involved in the conversion of active to inactive GTPase. In conclusion, we demonstrate that Salmonella SopD and SopD2 act as RabGAPs and can inactivate Rab signaling.