TY - JOUR
T1 - SARS-CoV-2 Neutralization Capacity in Hemodialysis Patients with and without a Fifth Vaccination with the Updated Comirnaty Original/Omicron BA.4-5 Vaccine
AU - Liao, Bo Hung
AU - Platen, Louise
AU - Grommes, Myriam
AU - Cheng, Cho Chin
AU - Holzmann-Littig, Christopher
AU - Christa, Catharina
AU - Haller, Bernhard
AU - Kappler, Verena
AU - Bester, Romina
AU - Werz, Maia Lucia
AU - Platen, Eva
AU - Eggerer, Peter
AU - Tréguer, Laëtitia
AU - Küchle, Claudius
AU - Schmaderer, Christoph
AU - Heemann, Uwe
AU - Renders, Lutz
AU - Protzer, Ulrike
AU - Braunisch, Matthias Christoph
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2024 by the authors.
PY - 2024/3
Y1 - 2024/3
N2 - Background: Hemodialysis patients have reduced serologic immunity after SARS-CoV-2 vaccination compared to the general population and an increased risk of morbidity and mortality when exposed to SARS-CoV-2. Methods: Sixty-six hemodialysis patients immunized four times with the original SARS-CoV-2 vaccines (BNT162b2, mRNA-1273) either received a booster with the adapted Comirnaty Original/Omicron BA.4-5 vaccine 8.3 months after the fourth vaccination and/or experienced a breakthrough infection. Two months before and four weeks after the fifth vaccination, the live-virus neutralization capacities of Omicron variants BA.5, BQ.1.1, and XBB.1.5 were determined, as well as neutralizing and quantitative anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike-specific IgG antibodies. Results: Four weeks after the fifth vaccination with the adapted vaccine, significantly increased neutralizing antibodies and the neutralization of Omicron variants BA.5, BQ.1.1, and XBB.1.5 were observed. The increase was significantly higher than after the fourth vaccination for variants BQ.1.1 and BA.5. Of all analyzed variants, BA.5 was neutralized best after the fifth vaccination. We did not see a difference in humoral immunity between the group with an infection and the group with a vaccination as a fifth spike exposure. Fivefold-vaccinated patients with a breakthrough infection showed a significantly higher neutralization capacity of XBB.1.5. Conclusion: A fifth SARS-CoV-2 vaccination with the adapted vaccine improves both wild-type specific antibody titers and the neutralizing capacity of the current Omicron variants BA.5, BQ.1.1, and XBB.1.5 in hemodialysis patients. Additional booster vaccinations with adapted vaccines will likely improve immunity towards current and original SARS-CoV-2 variants and are, therefore, recommended in hemodialysis patients. Further longitudinal studies must show the extent to which this booster vaccination avoids a breakthrough infection.
AB - Background: Hemodialysis patients have reduced serologic immunity after SARS-CoV-2 vaccination compared to the general population and an increased risk of morbidity and mortality when exposed to SARS-CoV-2. Methods: Sixty-six hemodialysis patients immunized four times with the original SARS-CoV-2 vaccines (BNT162b2, mRNA-1273) either received a booster with the adapted Comirnaty Original/Omicron BA.4-5 vaccine 8.3 months after the fourth vaccination and/or experienced a breakthrough infection. Two months before and four weeks after the fifth vaccination, the live-virus neutralization capacities of Omicron variants BA.5, BQ.1.1, and XBB.1.5 were determined, as well as neutralizing and quantitative anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike-specific IgG antibodies. Results: Four weeks after the fifth vaccination with the adapted vaccine, significantly increased neutralizing antibodies and the neutralization of Omicron variants BA.5, BQ.1.1, and XBB.1.5 were observed. The increase was significantly higher than after the fourth vaccination for variants BQ.1.1 and BA.5. Of all analyzed variants, BA.5 was neutralized best after the fifth vaccination. We did not see a difference in humoral immunity between the group with an infection and the group with a vaccination as a fifth spike exposure. Fivefold-vaccinated patients with a breakthrough infection showed a significantly higher neutralization capacity of XBB.1.5. Conclusion: A fifth SARS-CoV-2 vaccination with the adapted vaccine improves both wild-type specific antibody titers and the neutralizing capacity of the current Omicron variants BA.5, BQ.1.1, and XBB.1.5 in hemodialysis patients. Additional booster vaccinations with adapted vaccines will likely improve immunity towards current and original SARS-CoV-2 variants and are, therefore, recommended in hemodialysis patients. Further longitudinal studies must show the extent to which this booster vaccination avoids a breakthrough infection.
KW - BQ.1.1
KW - Omicron BA.5
KW - SARS-CoV-2
KW - XBB.1.5
KW - hemodialysis
KW - in vitro viral neutralization
KW - updated Comirnaty Original/Omicron BA.4-5 vaccine
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85188899737&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.3390/vaccines12030308
DO - 10.3390/vaccines12030308
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85188899737
SN - 2076-393X
VL - 12
JO - Vaccines
JF - Vaccines
IS - 3
M1 - 308
ER -
