PEACH: Proactive and Environment Aware Channel State Information Prediction with Depth Images

Up-to-date and accurate prediction of Channel State Information (CSI) is of paramount importance in Ultra-Reliable Low-Latency Communications (URLLC), specifically in dynamic environments where unpredictable mobility is inherent. CSI can be meticulously tracked by means of frequent pilot transmissions, which on the downside lead to an increase in metadata (overhead signaling) and latency, which are both detrimental for URLLC. To overcome these issues, in this paper, we take a fundamentally different approach and propose PEACH, a machine learning system which utilizes environmental information with depth images to predict CSI amplitude in beyond 5G systems, without requiring metadata radio resources, such as pilot overheads or any feedback mechanism. PEACH exploits depth images by employing a convolutional neural network to predict the current and the next 100 ms CSI amplitudes. The proposed system is experimentally validated with extensive measurements conducted in an indoor environment. We prove that environmental information can be instrumental towards proactive CSI amplitude acquisition of both static and mobile users on base stations, while completely avoiding the dependency on feedback and pilot transmission for both downlink and uplink CSI information. Furthermore, compared to demodulation reference signal based traditional pilot estimation, in ideal conditions without interference, our experimental results show that PEACH yields the similar performance in terms of average bit error rate. More importantly, in the realistic cases with interference taken into account, our experiments demonstrate considerable improvements introduced by PEACH in terms of normalized mean square error of CSI amplitude estimation when compared to traditional approaches.