TY - JOUR
T1 - Paving the way for CO2-Plume Geothermal (CPG) systems
T2 - A perspective on the CO2 surface equipment
AU - Schifflechner, Christopher
AU - de Reus, Jasper
AU - Schuster, Sebastian
AU - Corpancho Villasana, Andreas
AU - Brillert, Dieter
AU - Saar, Martin O.
AU - Spliethoff, Hartmut
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2024 The Author(s)
PY - 2024/10/1
Y1 - 2024/10/1
N2 - Subsurface reservoirs play an important role in decarbonizing the energy sector, be it through geothermal energy production or carbon capture and storage. In recent years, there has been an increasing interest in CO2-Plume Geothermal systems, which combine carbon sequestration with geothermal, using CO2 instead of water as a subsurface heat and pressure energy carrier. Since CO2-Plume Geothermal systems are added to full-scale CO2 Capture and Sequestration operations, all of the initially injected CO2 is ultimately stored. CO2-Plume Geothermal, therefore constitutes of both CO2 Capture Utilization as well as Storage. This paper assesses the huge technical potential of this technology, identifying a potentially highly relevant market for CO2 equipment manufacturers and discusses the current research demand, based on the current state of the art of CO2 equipment. Both temperature and pressure levels are significantly lower than CO2 turbine designs investigated and proposed so far for other applications, such as waste heat recovery. For a depth of 5 km, a typical one-stage radial turbine design might have a rotational speed of 23’000 rpm to 42’000 rpm and an impeller diameter between 96 mm to 155 mm. Together with technology-specific requirements, due to produced fluid impurities, it becomes evident that significant further development efforts are still necessary.
AB - Subsurface reservoirs play an important role in decarbonizing the energy sector, be it through geothermal energy production or carbon capture and storage. In recent years, there has been an increasing interest in CO2-Plume Geothermal systems, which combine carbon sequestration with geothermal, using CO2 instead of water as a subsurface heat and pressure energy carrier. Since CO2-Plume Geothermal systems are added to full-scale CO2 Capture and Sequestration operations, all of the initially injected CO2 is ultimately stored. CO2-Plume Geothermal, therefore constitutes of both CO2 Capture Utilization as well as Storage. This paper assesses the huge technical potential of this technology, identifying a potentially highly relevant market for CO2 equipment manufacturers and discusses the current research demand, based on the current state of the art of CO2 equipment. Both temperature and pressure levels are significantly lower than CO2 turbine designs investigated and proposed so far for other applications, such as waste heat recovery. For a depth of 5 km, a typical one-stage radial turbine design might have a rotational speed of 23’000 rpm to 42’000 rpm and an impeller diameter between 96 mm to 155 mm. Together with technology-specific requirements, due to produced fluid impurities, it becomes evident that significant further development efforts are still necessary.
KW - CCUS
KW - CO compressor
KW - CO turbine
KW - CO-plume geothermal
KW - Geothermal energy
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85198031296&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.energy.2024.132258
DO - 10.1016/j.energy.2024.132258
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85198031296
SN - 0360-5442
VL - 305
JO - Energy
JF - Energy
M1 - 132258
ER -