@inproceedings{2e85685ed18a4f2c95211cefa744e987,
title = "NOx emissions and precursors formation in pulverized biomass co-firing: Bench scale experiments",
abstract = "In The Netherlands, the Dutch government aims to enhance the energy production by cocombustion from 0.1 PJ in 1995 to 39 PJ in 2010. The aim of this work is to investigate in which way biomass cofiring and the adoption of air staging affects the in-flame NOx formation. Bench scale pulverized fuel reactor experiments were carried at a furnace wall temperature of 1300°C. High volatile bituminous coal blend was fired as reference case. Chicken manure and olive cake were cofired with a target share of 20% th. The NOx emissions are considerable reduced when the stoichiometry in the primary zone equals to λ1 = 0.7 - 0.9 for all cases. Chicken manure cofiring presents minimum NOx levels comparable to those of the reference coal, in spite of higher nitrogen content. As to NOx precursors evolution, HCN release shows similar patterns to the coal case, i.e. higher concentrations are achieved with lower stoichiometries. Different patterns are reported for ammonia, with higher yields recorded with intermediate stoichiometries of λ1 = 0.89 and λ1 = 0.79.",
keywords = "Air staging, Biomass cofiring, HCN and NH evolution, Olive cake, Poultry manure",
author = "{Di Nola}, G. and H. Spliethoff",
year = "2005",
language = "English",
isbn = "9781627480949",
series = "22nd Annual International Pittsburgh Coal Conference 2005, PCC 2005",
pages = "1751--1765",
booktitle = "22nd Annual International Pittsburgh Coal Conference 2005, PCC 2005",
note = "22nd Annual International Pittsburgh Coal Conference 2005, PCC 2005 ; Conference date: 12-09-2005 Through 15-09-2005",
}