Nephrotisches Syndrom: Minimal-Change-Glomerulopathie und Fokal-Segmentale Glomerulosklerose

Minimal change disease (MCD) and focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) are histopathologically defined podocytopathies which are clinically manifested as nephrotic syndrome. While MCD is most commonly seen in children and usually exhibits a benign clinical course, FSGS has a higher prevalence in adult patients and often leads to a deterioration of renal function possibly resulting in end-stage renal disease. Primary and secondary FSGS differ substantially concerning etiology, clinical presentation and therapy [1, 2]. New hypotheses have been established in recent years regarding the pathogenesis of MCD and FSGS but have not yet been incorporated into clinical diagnostics. However, these insights might translate into a better understanding of these diseases in the long run and possibly contribute to new therapeutic approaches.