TY - GEN
T1 - IOMPU
T2 - 17th IEEE International Conference on High Performance Computing and Communications, IEEE 7th International Symposium on Cyberspace Safety and Security and IEEE 12th International Conference on Embedded Software and Systems, HPCC-ICESS-CSS 2015
AU - Muench, Daniel
AU - Paulitsch, Michael
AU - Herkersdorf, Andreas
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2015 IEEE.
PY - 2015/11/23
Y1 - 2015/11/23
N2 - Safety-critical systems and in particular mixed-criticality systems require spatial and temporal separation for their hosted applications and functionalities. Additional constraints are using Commercial Off - The - Shelf (COTS) components, portability and determinism. These items are required for economic success for products with low piece numbers and long life-cycles like aircraft. Available embedded processors lack means for spatial separation of Input/Output (I/O) components like an Input/Output Memory Management Unit (IOMMU). The objective of this paper is to provide spatial separation for I/O in COTS mixed-criticality embedded real-time systems like avionics with minimum possible impact on performance (transfer time, transfer rate, Central Processing Unit (CPU) usage). The three main contributions of this paper are: (1) The presented Input/Output Memory Protection Unit (IOMPU) enables to upgrade spatial separation for I/O to a system by using COTS components and Non-Transparent Bridge (NTB) technology. In addition, the IOMPU concept is compatible with existing temporal separation solutions. (2) The paper shows a prototype implementation and a potential use case in context of hardware-based I/O virtualization. (3) The evaluation in this paper demonstrates that the IOMPU concept is practically applicable. The performance overhead (transfer time, transfer rate) is below 0.88%, which is almost negligible, particularly compared to state-of-the-art software-based solutions.
AB - Safety-critical systems and in particular mixed-criticality systems require spatial and temporal separation for their hosted applications and functionalities. Additional constraints are using Commercial Off - The - Shelf (COTS) components, portability and determinism. These items are required for economic success for products with low piece numbers and long life-cycles like aircraft. Available embedded processors lack means for spatial separation of Input/Output (I/O) components like an Input/Output Memory Management Unit (IOMMU). The objective of this paper is to provide spatial separation for I/O in COTS mixed-criticality embedded real-time systems like avionics with minimum possible impact on performance (transfer time, transfer rate, Central Processing Unit (CPU) usage). The three main contributions of this paper are: (1) The presented Input/Output Memory Protection Unit (IOMPU) enables to upgrade spatial separation for I/O to a system by using COTS components and Non-Transparent Bridge (NTB) technology. In addition, the IOMPU concept is compatible with existing temporal separation solutions. (2) The paper shows a prototype implementation and a potential use case in context of hardware-based I/O virtualization. (3) The evaluation in this paper demonstrates that the IOMPU concept is practically applicable. The performance overhead (transfer time, transfer rate) is below 0.88%, which is almost negligible, particularly compared to state-of-the-art software-based solutions.
KW - Hardware-based I/O virtualization
KW - IOMMU
KW - IOMPU
KW - Mixed-criticality systems
KW - Non-transparent bridge (NTB)
KW - Real-time embedded systems
KW - Spatial separation
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84961752958&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1109/HPCC-CSS-ICESS.2015.221
DO - 10.1109/HPCC-CSS-ICESS.2015.221
M3 - Conference contribution
AN - SCOPUS:84961752958
T3 - Proceedings - 2015 IEEE 17th International Conference on High Performance Computing and Communications, 2015 IEEE 7th International Symposium on Cyberspace Safety and Security and 2015 IEEE 12th International Conference on Embedded Software and Systems, HPCC-CSS-ICESS 2015
SP - 1037
EP - 1044
BT - Proceedings - 2015 IEEE 17th International Conference on High Performance Computing and Communications, 2015 IEEE 7th International Symposium on Cyberspace Safety and Security and 2015 IEEE 12th International Conference on Embedded Software and Systems, HPCC-CSS-ICESS 2015
PB - Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.
Y2 - 24 August 2015 through 26 August 2015
ER -