@inbook{11522b3bf9994e948bf79290a4835bf5,
title = "Erythropoiesis-stimulating agents in low-risk MDS",
abstract = "Patients with lower-risk myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) are affected mainly by chronic anemia and fatigue rather than progression to acute myeloid leukemia. The main aim of treatment is to improve anemia and decrease red blood cell transfusions. Erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESAs) are generally first-line therapy, yielding a response in about half of the patients for around 2 years. Predictive factors of response remain non-transfusion dependence and sEPO <200 IU/L. For refractory or relapsing patients after ESA, strategies include lenalidomide alone or with ESA, azacitidine, or luspatercept. For patients with del 5q, lenalidomide is more efficient.",
author = "S. Park and K. G{\"o}tze",
note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2018, Springer International Publishing AG, part of Springer Nature.",
year = "2018",
doi = "10.1007/978-3-319-76879-3_6",
language = "English",
series = "Hematologic Malignancies",
publisher = "Springer Verlag",
pages = "83--95",
booktitle = "Hematologic Malignancies",
}