Charakteristika von 200 Patienten mit Verdacht auf Implantatallergie im Vergleich zu 100 beschwerdefreien Endoprothesenträgern

Background: Data on implant allergies are incomplete; therefore, we compared the data on allergy history, patch test (PT) and lymphocyte transformation test (LTT) results in a patient series from the Munich implant allergy outpatient department with symptom-free arthroplasty patients. Patients and methods: In this study 200 arthroplasty patients with complaints involving the prosthesis (130 female, 187 knee and 13 hip prostheses) and in parallel 100 symptom-free patients (75 female, 47 knee and 53 hip prostheses) were investigated. A questionnaire-aided history including implant type, cementing, intolerance of dental materials, atopy, cutaneous metal intolerance (CMI) and PT, including a standard series with Ni, Co, Cr, seven bone cement components, including gentamicin and benzoyl peroxide and LTT for Ni, Co and Cr. Results: In the knee arthroplasty patients with complaints 9.1 % showed dental material intolerance, 23.5 % atopy, 25.7 % CMI, 18.2 % metal allergies, 7.4 % gentamicin allergy and 27.8 % positive metal LTT (mostly to Ni). In symptom-free patients 0 % showed dental material intolerance, 19.1 % atopy, 12.8 % CMI, 12.8 % metal allergy, 0 % gentamicin allergy and 17 % positive metal LTT. Conclusions: Characteristics of the patients with complaints were increased intolerance of dental materials, higher rates of atopy, CMI, metal and gentamicin allergy and LTT reactivity.