A hybrid Eulerian-Eulerian-Lagrangian model for gas-solid simulations

The simulation of gas-solid flows with CFD software is mostly performed with a Eulerian-Eulerian or a Eulerian-Lagrangian method. In this work, a solver was developed coupling the Eulerian-Eulerian and Eulerian-Lagrangian models. The gas phase was still treated in a Eulerian way as a continuum, while the particles were modeled with the Eulerian and the Lagrangian models. The number of particles treated as Lagrangian particles was defined by a modifiable parameter. The solver was validated with experimental data from the literature and compared in terms of accuracy and execution time to a pure Eulerian-Eulerian, a Eulerian-Lagrangian and an MP-PIC solver for different Lagrangian particle r Accuracy and solver speed are highly dependent on the Lagrangian ratio. With this coupled Eulerian-Eulerian-Lagrangian solver, an additional degree of freedom is introduced with the Lagrangian particle ratio to modify the speed and the accuracy of the solver.