A continuous perspective on shape optimization via domain transformations

In this article we consider shape optimization problems as optimal control problems via the method of mappings. Instead of optimizing over a set of admissible shapes, a reference domain is introduced, and it is optimized over a set of admissible transformations. The focus is on the choice of the set of transformations, which we motivate from a continuous perspective. In order to guarantee local injectivity of the admissible transformations, we enrich the optimization problem by a nonlinear constraint. Numerical results for drag minimization of Stokes flow are presented.